The External Forces That Inhibit the Ability of Managers to Implement

question 3

Multiple Choice

The external forces that inhibit the ability of managers to implement the desired change include all of the following, EXCEPT:

• A) The drag of past practices and routines that are difficult to dislodge
• B) A confrontational industrial relations environment
• C) Legislation that mandates various requirements if an organization is to continue to function
• D) Industry wide trends that impact all organizations operating in the same industry

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Definitions:

Total Variable Cost

The sum of all costs that vary with output level, including costs for raw materials, labor, and utilities that increase or decrease as production volume changes.

Average Fixed Cost

The fixed expenses of a company divided by the number of units produced, showing cost per unit.

Average Variable Cost

Average variable cost is the total variable costs of production divided by the quantity of output produced; it changes with production volume.

Marginal Cost

The expenditure required to produce one more unit of a product or service.