Examlex
Which condition occurs when the muscle between the esophagus and the stomach is weak or relaxes inappropriately?
Pooled Standard Deviation
A method for estimating standard deviation across two or more groups that assumes equal variances.
Sample Means
Sample means are the average values calculated from subsets (samples) taken from a larger population.
Population Standard Deviation
A measure of the dispersion or variability of all data points in an entire population, signifying the spread from the population mean.
Sample Standard Deviations
Measures of the dispersion or variation in a sample data set, indicating how spread out the data points are from the mean.
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