A 63-Year-Old Male Is Alert and Oriented, Complaining of Dizziness

question 81

Multiple Choice

A 63-year-old male is alert and oriented, complaining of dizziness. He describes an acute onset of dizziness and near-syncope that has lasted for 15 minutes. He is also experiencing substernal chest pain radiating to his jaw, as well as nausea and weakness. Physical examination reveals cool, diaphoretic skin; delayed capillary refill; and mild crackles to the bases bilaterally. He has no significant medical history, but he takes 325 mg of aspirin a day. HR = 220, BP = 88/52, RR = 16, SaO₂ = 92%. Which of the following should be done first?

• A) Start an IV of normal saline
• B) Synchronized cardioversion
• C) Oxygen by nonrebreathing mask
• D) Administer 0.4 mg of nitroglycerin sublingually

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Definitions:

Respiration

The biochemical process in living organisms involving the exchange of gases (oxygen and carbon dioxide) to produce energy.

Brainstem

A crucial part of the central nervous system that connects the brain to the spinal cord and controls vital functions such as breathing and heart rate.

Cerebrum

The largest part of the brain responsible for voluntary activities, intelligence, memory, and emotional expression.

Cerebellum

A part of the brain located at the back of the skull, responsible for coordinating movement and balance.