All of the Following Are Reasons Why an Association Relationship $\underline{\text{ except: }}$

question 22

Multiple Choice

All of the following are reasons why an association relationship may not imply a causal relationship $\underline{\text{ except: }}$

• A)the association may be due to pure chance
• B)the association may be the result of the influence of a third common factor
• C)both variables may be the cause and the effect at the same time
• D)the association may be hypothetical
• E)both c and d

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Definitions:

Sensory Adaptation

The process by which sensory receptors become less sensitive to constant or unchanging stimuli over time, allowing individuals to focus on changes in their environment.

Absolute Threshold

The lowest level of stimulation that an organism can detect at least 50% of the time.

Attention

The process of sorting through sensations and selecting some of them for further processing.

Difference Threshold

The smallest difference in stimulus intensity required to detect a difference between two stimuli, also known as the just noticeable difference (JND).