In the Mating Behavior of the Stickleback, Males and Females

question 49

Multiple Choice

In the mating behavior of the stickleback, males and females perform certain behaviors in an alternating sequence known as:

• A) a reaction chain
• B) a fixed action chain
• C) a species-typical chain
• D) imprinting

Identify and explain different types of species interactions (mutualism, parasitism, herbivory, and competition) and their ecological outcomes.

Analyze the role of genetic variation and sexual reproduction in response to parasitic threats.

Describe the mechanisms plants use to defend against herbivory.

Distinguish between microparasites and macroparasites and their effects on hosts.

---

Definitions:

Cohesiveness

The degree to which members of a group or team are attracted to each other and motivated to stay in the group.

Cultural Relativism

The principle that an individual's beliefs and activities should be understood by others in terms of that individual's own culture.

Rule-Based Ethics

An ethical framework where actions are judged right or wrong based purely on adherence to a set of rules or ethical guidelines.

Consequential Ethics

An ethical approach that evaluates the morality of actions based on their outcomes or consequences.