The Figure Shows Four Gaussian Surfaces Surrounding a Distribtuion of Charges

question 11

Short Answer

The figure shows four Gaussian surfaces surrounding a distribtuion of charges.
(a) Which Gaussian surfaces have an electric flux of +q/ε₀ through them?
(b) Which Gaussian surfaces have no electric flux through them?

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Definitions:

Curvilinear Cost

A cost behavior pattern where costs increase with activity, but not at a constant rate, often depicted as a curved line on a graph.

Variable Cost

Costs that change in proportion to the level of activity or volume of production in a company.