Would a Denatured Antigen Be Expected to Have the Same

question 21

Multiple Choice

Would a denatured antigen be expected to have the same epitopes as its native (non-denatured) counterpart? Why?

• A) Yes-epitopes are just a sequence of amino acids in a row, so they do not change regardless of 3D shape of the protein molecule they lie within.
• B) No-ALL epitopes are dependent on being in the proper original 3D conformation in the protein they arise within. Denaturing them would destroy them by destroying that conformation.
• C) Yes AND No-SOME epitopes are dependent on 3D conformation (conformational epitopes), while some simply depend on the primary order of amino acids (linear epitopes). So, really, it depends on the particular epitope.
• D) Yes-all proteins must be broken down into individual epitopes for presentation to B and T cells on MHC molecules, so each antigen protein MUST be denatured to yield ANY epitopes.

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Definitions:

Real Option

An approach in financial management that values investment options as if they were financial options, focusing on the flexibility of managerial decisions in response to market changes.

IRR

Stands for Internal Rate of Return, a financial metric used to estimate the profitability of potential investments.

Variance

A statistical measure that indicates the spread of data points in a dataset around the mean, reflecting the data's volatility.

Risk Averse

The tendency to prefer certainty over risk, where an individual opts for the investment with the least potential for financial loss.