Genetic Methods of Detecting Microorganisms Reveal That the Number of Bacterial

question 31

Essay

Genetic methods of detecting microorganisms reveal that the number of bacterial species in nature exceeds previous estimates by several orders of magnitude. In the human mouth, for example, it is estimated that 500- 700 microbial species are normally present. Explain why previous estimates were low.

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Definitions:

Reverse Discrimination

The claim that affirmative action and similar policies intended to address inequality end up discriminating against majority or historically advantaged groups.

Meritocracy

A system where success and status in society are determined by individual talent, effort, and achievement, rather than by wealth or social class.

Affirmative Action

Policies or measures designed to increase the representation of minorities and women in areas of employment, education, and business from which they have historically been excluded.

Ethnic Enclaves

Geographic areas with high concentrations of individuals from the same ethnic or cultural background, distinct from the larger surrounding area.