Suppose the Economy Is Initially in Long-Run Equilibrium

question 59

Multiple Choice

Suppose the economy is initially in long-run equilibrium. Now suppose oil prices rise sharply and at the same time, policymakers pursue expansionary monetary and fiscal policies. Which of the following will occur as a result of these two events?

• A) The price level will necessarily rise but the effect on output is indeterminate.
• B) Real GDP must necessarily fall but the effect on the price level is indeterminate.
• C) The price level and real GDP must rise.
• D) The price level must rise and real GDP must fall.

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Definitions:

Equilibrium Price

Equilibrium price is the price at which the quantity of a good or service demanded by consumers equals the quantity supplied by producers, resulting in market balance.

Welfare Economics

A branch of economics that focuses on the optimal allocation of resources and goods and aims to evaluate the economic well-being of individuals and society.

Total Surplus

The sum of consumer surplus and producer surplus in a market, representing the total net benefits to all participants in the market transaction.

Demand Curve

A graphical representation showing the relationship between the price of a good or service and the quantity demanded by consumers at those prices.