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In the Case in Point entitled "Might Increased Structural Unemployment Explain the 'Jobless Recovery' Following the 2001 Recession," economists Erica Goshen and Simon Potter note that when a layoff is temporary, the employer "suspends" the job, due to slack demand, and the employee expects to be recalled once demand picks up. With a permanent layoff, the employer eliminates the job. Which of the following statements is consistent with their observations?
Collusion
A secret agreement between firms in a market to fix prices, limit production, or divide markets, in order to reduce competition and increase profits.
Marginal Cost
The additional cost incurred for the production of one more unit of a good or service, an essential concept for making efficient production decisions.
Oligopoly
A market structure characterized by a small number of firms controlling a large market share, resulting in limited competition.
Competitive Ideal
A market situation wherein there is perfect competition, with no single buyer or seller able to influence prices or market conditions.
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