Patents

question 199

Multiple Choice

Patents

• A) slow the flow of benefits from research and development to consumers.
• B) are granted for a period of 10 years in the United States.
• C) create monopolies and are thus efficient.
• D) All of the above are correct.

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Definitions:

National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA)

A United States environmental law that promotes the enhancement of the environment and established the President's Council on Environmental Quality (CEQ).

Acid Rain Trading Program

The Acid Rain Trading Program is a market-based initiative in the United States aimed at reducing sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides emissions, primary contributors to acid rain.

Marketable Discharge Permits

Environmental regulatory tools that allow companies to buy or sell allowances for emissions or discharges, promoting flexible compliance with pollution controls.

Direct Regulation

Governmental control directly imposed on specific activities, sectors, or behaviors to enforce compliance with laws and standards.