The Post Hoc, Ergo Propter Hoc Fallacy Is the Belief

question 133

Multiple Choice

The post hoc, ergo propter hoc fallacy is the belief that

• A) if Event A happens before Event B happens, then Event A causes Event B to occur.
• B) what is true for the whole is necessarily true of the parts.
• C) what is true for a part is necessarily true for the whole.
• D) it is impossible to draw generalizations about cause and effect.

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Definitions:

Babinski reflex

A reflex action of the foot in which the big toe extends upwards and the other toes fan out when the sole of the foot is firmly stroked, common in infants.

Regression

A return to behavior characteristic of earlier stages of development.

Moro reflex

An involuntary reflex found in infants, often referred to as the startle reflex, where the baby flings their arms out and then retracts them quickly in response to a sensation of falling or a sudden noise.

Differentiation

The process of identifying and defining the differences or distinctions between things or people, often used in the context of individual psychological development or in systems theory.