Annelle Is a Professional "Perfume Smeller" for a Major Cosmetics

question 17

Multiple Choice

Annelle is a professional "perfume smeller" for a major cosmetics firm. She claims that "the nose" is a gift: Some people are just born with more sensitive olfactory mechanisms than others are. How does Annelle view the relative importance of top-down and bottom-up processes in olfaction? Is Annelle's view of an innate olfactory talent supported by empirical research?

• A) Annelle believes that olfaction is primarily a bottom-up process. Her view is supported by research showing that humans have difficulty learning to discriminate among odors and that piriform cortex is not plastic.
• B) Annelle believes that olfaction is primarily a bottom-up process. Her view is discredited by research showing that humans can learn to discriminate among odors and that piriform cortex is highly plastic.
• C) Annelle believes that olfaction is primarily a top-down process. Her view is discredited by research showing that humans have difficulty learning to discriminate among odors and that piriform cortex is not plastic.
• D) Annelle believes that olfaction is primarily a top-down process. Her view is supported by research showing that humans can learn to discriminate among odors and that piriform cortex is highly plastic.

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Definitions:

Traffic Flow

The study of the movement of vehicles along roads, focusing on their interactions and the effects on traffic dynamics.

Univariate Data

It refers to data that consists of observations on only a single characteristic or attribute.

Bivariate Data

Data involving two variables that can be analyzed for relationships and patterns between them.

Multivariate Data

Data involving two or more variables or attributes, allowing for analysis of relationships and patterns among these variables.