Do Autonomic Functions,such as Breathing,heart Rate,and Contraction of Blood Vessels

question 158

Multiple Choice

Do autonomic functions,such as breathing,heart rate,and contraction of blood vessels and intestinal muscles,utilize sensory inputs?

• A) No;they are internal and function regardless of inputs from the environment.
• B) No;they are essential to life and must occur automatically,in spite of environmental conditions.
• C) No;they are regulated only by efferent (motor)neurons,so they have no sensory inputs.
• D) Yes;they can be regulated by internal sensory inputs,such as concentrations of gas or chemicals.
• E) Yes;they are controlled entirely from the spinal cord and receive sensory inputs from ganglia in that region.

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Definitions:

Null Hypothesis

A statistical hypothesis that assumes no significant difference or effect exists among the tested groups or variables.

Chi-Square Test

A statistical test used to determine if there is a significant difference between observed frequencies and expected frequencies in categorized datasets.

Independence

A situation in statistics where two events are not influenced by each other, and the occurrence of one does not affect the probability of occurrence of the other.

Chi-Square Statistic

A statistical measure used to evaluate the differences between observed and expected frequencies in categorical variables.