Bipedalism Is Believed to Have Evolved in the Hominid Lineage

question 114

Multiple Choice

Bipedalism is believed to have evolved in the hominid lineage because bipedal locomotion is

• A) more efficient than quadrupedal locomotion.
• B) more efficient than quadrupedal locomotion and frees the forelimbs to manipulate objects.
• C) less efficient than quadrupedal locomotion but frees the forelimbs to manipulate objects.
• D) less efficient than quadrupedal locomotion,but bipedal animals can run faster.
• E) less efficient than quadrupedal locomotion,but natural selection does not act to improve efficiency.

---

Definitions:

Voluntary Movements

Movements controlled consciously by the brain, usually in response to stimuli or as deliberate actions, contrasting with involuntary movements like reflexes.

Cranial Nerves

are the twelve pairs of nerves that emerge directly from the brain, not the spinal cord, and control various functions of the body and head.

Glossopharyngeal

A cranial nerve that innervates parts of the tongue and pharynx, playing roles in taste, swallowing, and salivation.

Hypoglossal

Pertaining to the twelfth cranial nerve, which controls the movements of most muscles in the tongue.