The Increasing Concentration of Oxygen in Earth's Early Atmosphere

question 23

Multiple Choice

The increasing concentration of oxygen in Earth's early atmosphere

• A) was favorable to numerous prokaryotes because of their flexible membranes.
• B) was fatal to numerous eukaryotes because of their mitochondria.
• C) conferred a selective advantage on eukaryotes that possessed mitochondria.
• D) conferred a selective advantage on eukaryotes that possessed chloroplasts.
• E) conferred a selective advantage on prokaryotes because of their stiff membranes.

---

Definitions:

Hyperpolarized

The state of a cell membrane when its potential becomes more negative than its normal resting potential.

Sympathetic Stimulation

Activation of the sympathetic nervous system, leading to "fight or flight" responses such as increased heart rate and blood flow to muscles.

Parasympathetic Stimulation

Activation of the parasympathetic nervous system, leading to a decrease in heart rate and increase in digestive activity.

Stroke Volume

The volume of blood pumped by the heart's left ventricle in one contraction.