The Antifreeze Proteins Found in Fish That Live in Very

question 14

Multiple Choice

The antifreeze proteins found in fish that live in very cold waters of the Arctic and Antarctic have evolved independently,not because of shared ancestry.Based on this information,which statement is true?

• A) The antifreeze proteins in Arctic and Antarctic fish are homologous.
• B) The antifreeze proteins in Arctic and Antarctic fish are homoplasies.
• C) The Arctic and Antarctic fish form a clade.
• D) The antifreeze proteins evolved by evolutionary reversals.
• E) Convergent evolution does not occur for antifreeze proteins.

---

Definitions:

Ligaments

Tough, fibrous connective tissue that connects bones to other bones.

Fibroblast

A type of cell that produces collagen and other fibers, playing a critical role in wound healing and tissue repair.

Tissue with Chondrocytes

Cartilaginous tissue, which contains cells known as chondrocytes that are responsible for the production and maintenance of cartilage.

Chondrocytes

Cells that are found within cartilage and are responsible for maintaining the cartilaginous matrix.