Most Psychologists Think That the Use of Punishment Is

question 79

Multiple Choice

Most psychologists think that the use of punishment is

• A) ineffective in even temporarily restraining unwanted behavior.
• B) more effective than negative reinforcers in shaping behavior.
• C) the opposite of positive reinforcers and thus is its psychological equivalent in terms of changing behavior.
• D) less effective than positive reinforcers in promoting desirable behavior.

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Definitions:

Self-Perception Theory

A theory suggesting that individuals determine their attitudes and preferences by interpreting the meaning of their own behavior.

Lens Model

A psychological framework used to explain how individuals make judgments under conditions of uncertainty.

Attribution Theory

A concept in psychology that explains how individuals infer the causes of their own and other people's behavior.

Elaboration Likelihood Model

A model that explains different ways of processing stimuli, why they are used, and their outcomes on attitude change.