,Teachers at an Elementary School Were Told at the Beginning

question 29

Multiple Choice

,teachers at an elementary school were told at the beginning of the year that certain students were "late bloomers" and most likely these particular students were going to become strong students during the school year ahead.Sure enough,by the end of the year,the identified students were doing much better in school.Interestingly,the researchers had selected these children randomly at the beginning of the year and they had no real evidence on which to base their predictions.The findings in this study are most similar or analogous to the problem of:

• A)demand characteristics.
• B)experimenter expectancy effects.
• C)the placebo effect.
• D)the double-blind procedure

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Definitions:

Negative Reinforcement

A behavior reinforcement strategy involving the removal of an unpleasant stimulus to increase the likelihood of a desired response.

Aversive Stimulus

A negative or unpleasant stimulus that is used to influence behavior.

Termination

The process of ending or conclusion, often used in the context of psychotherapy to describe the conclusion of treatment.

Punisher

An aversive stimulus used in behavior modification to decrease the likelihood of a behavior reoccurring.