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If in an Absorbing State, the Probability of Being in an Absorbing

question 21

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If in an absorbing state, the probability of being in an absorbing state in the future is


Definitions:

Environmental Changes

Variations or alterations in the environment, often resulting from natural processes or human activities, that can impact ecosystems and human societies.

Systematics

The scientific study of the diversity and relationships among organisms, typically involving classification and naming.

Evolutionary Relationships

Patterns of lineage descent among groups of organisms, often determined through genetics, fossils, and comparative anatomy.

Diversity

The range of different species, genetic variations, or cultural differences within and between populations.

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