Luke Believes It Is Impossible for Him to Do Well

question 210

Multiple Choice

Luke believes it is impossible for him to do well in his calculus class, consequently he seldom spends very much time studying for that course. His lack of preparation for the exams has resulted in poor grades in the course. His low grades have strengthened his belief that he lacks the ability to succeed in the class. This interaction between Luke's beliefs, his behavior, and his environment illustrates the concept that Albert Bandura referred to as

• A) reaction formation.
• B) reciprocal determinism.
• C) unconditioned reinforcement.
• D) overcompensation.

---

Definitions:

Marxism

A socio-economic theory proposed by Karl Marx, advocating for a classless society and the abolition of private property.

Social Reality

The sum of the social constructs created by human beings, including beliefs, institutions, and social dynamics, that define and shape everyday life.

Labor Power

The ability of workers to perform work for the purpose of creating goods or services.

Action Value

The inherent or assigned worth of actions, often evaluated based on their outcomes, impacts, or alignment with certain principles or goals.