A Confederate Stands near a Participant at a Bus Stop

question 38

Multiple Choice

A confederate stands near a participant at a bus stop and drops some papers. The dependent variable is whether the participant helps the confederate pick them up. In a factorial design, one independent variable is whether the confederate is male or female and the other is whether the confederate has a cane or not. Which of the following describes a potential main effect in this experiment?

• A) Participants help the confederate more when he or she has a cane.
• B) Participants help the confederate at a fairly high rate.
• C) Participants help the male confederate more when he has a cane but they help the female confederate at the same rate regardless of whether she has a cane.
• D) Many participants refuse to help.

Understand the reproductive life cycle of angiosperms, including pre-fertilization, fertilization, and post-fertilization stages.

Recognize the structural adaptations in flowering plants for pollination and fertilization.

Explain the genetic implications of different fertilization methods, including cross-fertilization and self-incompatibility mechanisms.

Identify the development and structure of a seed and its components post-fertilization.

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Definitions:

Tautology

A statement or proposition that is true by necessity or by virtue of its logical form, often repeating the same idea in different words.

Main Connective

In a logical formula, the operator that holds the highest precedence, determining the formula's overall truth value.

Truth Values

The valuation of a statement in logic that indicates its truthfulness, typically classified as either true or false.

Main Connective

The primary logical operator in a compound statement in logic that determines the truth value of the whole statement.