A Mother Brings Her 2-Year-Old Child for You to Assess

question 43

Multiple Choice

A mother brings her 2-year-old child for you to assess. The mother feels a lump whenever she fastens the child's diaper. Nephroblastoma is likely for this child when your physical examination of the abdomen reveals a(n)

• A)fixed mass palpated in the hypogastric area.
• B)tender, midline abdominal mass.
• C)olive-sized mass of the right upper quadrant.
• D)nontender, slightly moveable, flank mass.
• E)sausage-shaped mass in the left upper quadrant.

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Definitions:

Confirmation Bias

The tendency to search for, interpret, favor, and remember information in a way that confirms one’s preconceived beliefs or hypotheses.

Scientific Method

A systematic process for investigating phenomena, acquiring new knowledge, or correcting and integrating previous knowledge, based on empirical or measurable evidence.

Functional Fixedness

A cognitive bias that limits a person to using an object only in the way it is traditionally used.

Representative Heuristic

A mental shortcut that involves making judgments based on how well something matches existing prototypes or stereotypes in our minds.