A Mother Brings Her 2-Year-Old Child for You to Assess

question 21

Multiple Choice

A mother brings her 2-year-old child for you to assess. The mother feels a lump whenever she fastens the child's diaper. Nephroblastoma is a likely diagnosis for this child when your physical examination of the abdomen reveals a(n) :

• A) fixed mass palpated in the hypogastric area.
• B) tender, midline abdominal mass.
• C) olive-sized mass of the right upper quadrant.
• D) nontender, slightly movable, flank mass.

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Definitions:

Dizygotic Development

The process of development of dizygotic (fraternal) twins, where two different eggs are fertilized by two different sperm, leading to genetically distinct siblings.

Epigenetic Molecules

Biological molecules that regulate gene expression without altering the DNA sequence, influencing traits and potentially health outcomes across generations.

Fraternal Twins

Twins that develop from two different eggs fertilized by two different sperm cells, making them genetically distinct, unlike identical twins.

Identical Twins

Twins who develop from a single fertilized egg that splits, sharing the same genetics.