Egbert Is an Inactive, Withdrawn Child Who Reacts Very Cautiously

question 87

Multiple Choice

Egbert is an inactive, withdrawn child who reacts very cautiously and deliberately to the world around him. Thomas and Chess would say his temperament is ________.

• A) difficult
• B) laid back
• C) easy
• D) slow to warm up

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Definitions:

Internal Validity

The extent to which a study can demonstrate that a causal relationship exists between variables, without being influenced by external factors.

One-Group Pretest-Posttest Uninterpretable Design

Refers to a simplistic experimental design where a single group of subjects is tested before and after an intervention without a control group, making causal interpretations difficult.

Internal Validity

The extent to which a study can demonstrate a causal relationship between variables, free of confounding factors.

Random Assignment

is a process used in experimental designs to allocate participants to different groups in a study by chance, minimizing pre-existing differences among those groups.