Which of the Following Statements Concerning the Differences Between Action

question 72

Multiple Choice

Which of the following statements concerning the differences between action potentials in skeletal muscle cells and in ventricular cardiac muscle cells is TRUE?

• A) Like skeletal muscle cells, ventricular cardiac muscle cells have a resting membrane potential closer to the sodium equilibrium potential than to the potassium equilibrium potential.
• B) Unlike skeletal muscle cells, the initial depolarization of ventricular cells is mainly due to calcium influx, not sodium influx.
• C) After sodium influx through voltage-gated channels occurs in ventricular cells, prolonged influx of calcium from the extracellular fluid occurs. No such calcium influx occurs in skeletal muscle cells.
• D) Action potentials in skeletal muscle cells are longer in duration than action potentials in cardiac muscle cells.
• E) The efflux of K⁺ repolarizes skeletal muscle cells after an action potential, while repolarization in cardiac muscle cells is due to the efflux of Ca²⁺.

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Definitions:

Controllable Cost

An expense that can be directly controlled or influenced by a manager or decision maker within a specific timeframe.

Manufacturing Department

A specific division within a company where goods are produced, focusing on the transformation of raw materials into finished products.

Absorption Costing

An accounting method that includes all manufacturing costs — direct materials, direct labor, and both variable and fixed manufacturing overhead — in the cost of a product.

Operating Income

A measure of a company's profit that excludes non-operating expenses and revenues, focusing solely on the income generated from its core business operations.