Use the Following to Answer Questions

question 12

Multiple Choice

Use the following to answer questions
Scenario I
Scenario I is based on and presents fabricated data consistent with the following study:
Merikle,P.M. ,& Skanes,H.E.(1992) .Subliminal self-help audiotapes: A search for placebo effects.Journal of Applied Psychology,77(5) ,772-776.doi:10.1037/0021-9010.77.5.772
Merikle and Skanes (1992) investigated the effectiveness of subliminal self-help audiotapes to promote weight loss in overweight females seeking to lose weight.Participants were randomly assigned to groups.Participants in two groups were instructed to listen to audiotapes containing subliminal messages associated with weight loss daily.Group 1 (the subliminal group) actually received these tapes.Group 2 (the placebo group) received tapes containing subliminal messages associated with relieving dental anxiety.Finally,a third group of participants was not given audiotapes and was told that they were on a waiting list to participate in the study.All participants-including the participants on the waiting list-were weighed weekly for 5 weeks.The average total weight loss (and standard deviations) for the three groups after the fifth week is presented in Figure 5.1.
Figure 5.1
-(Scenario I) What were the independent and dependent variables in this study?

• A)The independent variable was weight loss;the dependent variable was audiotape type (subliminal,placebo,none).
• B)The independent variable was how often participants were weighed;the dependent variable was weight loss.
• C)The independent variable was audiotape type (subliminal,placebo,none);the dependent variable was weight loss.
• D)The independent variable was weight loss;the dependent variable was how often participants were weighed.

---

Definitions:

Acceptance

The act of recognizing and embracing a reality or condition without attempting to change it.

Feedback Element

A component within a system that is used to provide input back into the system to regulate its function or output.

Healthy Food Choices

Selecting foods that contribute to good health, such as fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins.

Heart Failure

A chronic condition where the heart is unable to pump blood efficiently to meet the body's needs.