Use the Following to Answer Questions

question 65

Multiple Choice

Use the following to answer questions :
Scenario I
Some common psychotherapies are psychoanalysis,person-centred therapy,behavioural therapy,and cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) .Through techniques such as free association,analysis of dreams and slips,interpretation,and analysis of resistance,psychoanalysts attempt to bring the unconscious forces responsible for the disorder into the consciousness where it can be effectively resolved.At the core of person-centred therapies is the belief that all individuals have an innate tendency towards growth and that this growth can be facilitated by acceptance and genuine reactions by the therapist.Treatment is usually nondirective,as therapists believe individuals themselves are best qualified to set their own treatment goals.Behaviour therapies,on the other hand,can be highly structured and assume that a learning component contributes to many psychological disorders.Principles of classical conditioning,such as extinction,can be used to eliminate unwanted emotional responses to specific objects or situations.Principles of operant conditioning,such as positive reinforcement,can be used to establish more desirable behaviours.Cognitive therapies also are structured and systematically examine and correct the distorted thinking that gives rise to many psychological disorders.Finally,cognitive behaviourial therapy (CBT) is a problem-focused combination of cognitive and behaviour therapies that has shown to be effective at treating a wide range of psychological disorders.
-(Scenario I) A woman in therapy for substance abuse disorder for alcohol reveals that she drinks 5 to 6 days a week and consumes over a bottle of wine per drinking day.After establishing that the client was not physically dependent on alcohol and thus in need of immediate medical attention,a person-centred psychologist might:

• A)ask the client to talk about her childhood insecurities.
• B)express concern about her drinking,emphasize that she has taken a courageous first step,and ask her how much of a decrease in alcohol consumption would be right for her.
• C)inquire about the reasons for her drinking and then systematically challenge the validity of those reasons.
• D)require the client give a trusted friend a thousand dollars that she can earn back $20 at a time with random breathalyzer checks that detect no alcohol.

Recognize the importance of environmental factors and community infrastructure in disease prevention.

Understand the historical development of public health initiatives and their impact on community health.

Analyze the role of government and non-governmental organizations in the advancement of public health.

Identify key figures and their contributions to public health and nursing.