Use the Following to Answer Questions

question 121

Multiple Choice

Use the following to answer questions :
Scenario II
It is challenging to conclusively demonstrate the effectiveness of treatments for psychological disorders.Although treatments may appear to work,their apparent effectiveness could be due to a number of other factors,termed treatment illusions.Treatments may appear effective due to natural improvement unrelated to the treatment,placebo effects in which the apparent effectiveness of a treatment is due to the expectancy of its effectiveness,and reconstructive memory in which persons remember their symptoms prior to treatment as more severe than they were.
-(Scenario II) A research psychiatrist is studying the effectiveness of a new drug to treat insomnia.Patients with the disorder are studied in a sleep laboratory for 1 week before the study begins,and the time to fall asleep and the amount of time in each stage of sleep are recorded.Then they are given the experimental drug each evening and studied in the sleep laboratory for another week.At the end of the study,symptoms of insomnia lessened considerably.The results would show that the apparent effectiveness of the treatment could NOT be due to:

• A)natural improvement.
• B)effects of reconstructive memory.
• C)placebo effects.
• D)the treatment was effective.

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The first constitution of the United States, ratified in 1781, which established a weak federal government and was eventually replaced by the current U.S. Constitution in 1789.

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