Use the Following to Answer Questions

question 4

Multiple Choice

Use the following to answer questions
Scenario I
The following scenario presents fabricated data consistent with the results of the following study:
Gilbertson,M.W. ,Shenton,M.E. ,Ciszewski,A. ,Kasai,K. ,Lasko,N .B. ,Orr,S.P. ,& Pitman,R.K.(2002) .Smaller hippocampal volume predicts pathologic vulnerability to psychological trauma.Nature Neuroscience,5,1242-1247.
Persons who live through a traumatic experience may develop posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) .PTSD is characterized by chronic physiological arousal,recurrent unwanted thoughts or images,and avoidance of things that bring the trauma to mind,with symptoms persisting for more than 1 month.Persons with PTSD also are at risk for other psychological disorders,with substance abuse disorder being a common comorbid diagnosis.In the last two decades,a number of studies have demonstrated that persons with PTSD have smaller hippocampi than controls.This may result from the neurotoxic effects of stress hormones examined the hippocampal volume of combat veterans with and without PTSD who each had an identical twin who never served in the military.Fabricated results consistent with this study are shown in Figure 15.1.
Figure 15.1
-(Scenario I) The results of the study by Gilbertson and colleagues (2002) are MOST consistent with which model of mental disorders?

• A)medical
• B)diathesis-stress
• C)biopsychosocial
• D)psychodynamic

Comprehend the progression from coincidence to correlation to causal explanations.

Recognize the impact of statistical analysis in evaluating arguments and making generalizations.

Identify the misuse of numbers in arguments and the importance of using appropriate descriptive measures.

Understand the applications and limitations of computer scoring for written submissions.

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Definitions:

White-Collar Crime

Non-violent crime committed by individuals, typically during the course of their occupation, for financial gain.

Savings And Loan Scandal

A financial scandal involving the mismanagement and fraudulent activities of savings and loan associations in the 1980s in the United States.

American Public

The general population of the United States, considered as the audience for media, political discourse, and cultural artifacts.

Victimless Crimes

Legal offenses in which all parties consent and no one is directly harmed, although society may deem the action as immoral or illegal.