A Young Child Is Hungry and Wants a Cookie but Is

question 54

Multiple Choice

A young child is hungry and wants a cookie but is too short to reach the table where the cookie jar is kept. She tries various things to get the jar, such as jumping or throwing her teddy bear at the jar in hopes of knocking it off the table, but to no avail. Eventually, almost by accident, she realizes that she can pull the tablecloth on which the jar sits and is thus able to reach the jar. In the future, she will be more likely to try this technique again since it was effective. This example best demonstrates

• A)Thorndike's law of effect
• B)the principles of classical conditioning
• C)the concept of shaping
• D)the use of partial reinforcement

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Definitions:

Mania

A mental condition marked by periods of great excitement, euphoria, delusions, and overactivity.

James Marcia

A developmental psychologist who expanded on Piaget's work to describe the process of identity formation during adolescence in terms of crisis and commitment.

Identity Achievement Stage

A phase of self-identity exploration where individuals have experienced crisis, explored options, and made commitments to certain goals, values, and beliefs.

Career Options

The range of possible jobs or professions available to an individual based on their interests, skills, and qualifications.