Experimental Research Contains Three Essential Steps: Manipulate One Variable, Measure

question 508

Multiple Choice

Experimental research contains three essential steps: manipulate one variable, measure whether this manipulation affects another variable, and

• A)calculate the correlation between the two variables
• B)attempt to manipulate other factors
• C)attempt to control or hold constant other factors
• D)use random sampling

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Definitions:

Upward Communication

The process of information flow from the lower levels of a hierarchy to the higher levels, often including feedback, reports, or suggestions.

Downward Communication

The flow of information from higher levels of organizational hierarchy to lower levels, often involving directives and updates.

Filtering

The process of selectively presenting, withholding, or modifying information or messages in communication.

Chain of Command

A system in organizations where authority and responsibility flow from the top ranks down to the lower ranks in an orderly and clear manner.