An Infant Is Born with Facial Irregularities and a Small

question 436

Multiple Choice

An infant is born with facial irregularities and a small, malformed brain. As the child grows up, she shows symptoms of mental retardation and tends to be both irritable and hostile. It is most likely that this infant's abnormalities are a function of her mother's prenatal exposure to

• A)HIV
• B)untreated syphilis
• C)excessive alcohol
• D)nicotine

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Definitions:

Zone of Resting Cartilage

A region in the epiphyseal plate of growing bones where chondrocytes are not actively proliferating but can be recruited for growth.

Zone of Calcification

A region in growing bones where cartilage cells die and are replaced by bone cells, part of bone growth and development.

Zone of Hypertrophy

A region in growing bone where cartilage cells enlarge and mature, playing a critical role in bone elongation.

Epiphyseal Plate

A layer of cartilage located at the ends of long bones, where bone growth occurs in children and adolescents.