Which Theory Has Been Most Severely Criticized for Offering After-The-Fact

question 82

Multiple Choice

Which theory has been most severely criticized for offering after-the-fact explanations without advancing testable predictions?

• A) humanistic theory
• B) trait theory
• C) psychoanalytic theory
• D) social-cognitive theory

---

Definitions:

Aggressive Behavior

Refers to actions or attitudes that can lead to hostility or attacks on others, often stemming from anger or frustration.

Modeling

A method of learning that involves observing and mimicking the behavior of others.

Ineffective Punishment

A form of discipline that fails to decrease the occurrence of a behavior; it may lack consistency, immediacy, or connection to the specific behavior.

Fear

A basic emotion induced by a perceived threat, leading to confrontation with or avoidance of said threat.