Studies on the Effect of Reinforcement Upon Intelligence Test Performance

question 32

Multiple Choice

Studies on the effect of reinforcement upon intelligence test performance by African-American children (by Terrell and colleagues) suggest that

• A) African-American children will improve their performance if given simple verbal praise such as "Excellent performance".
• B) African-American children will not be affected by the administration of tangible awards.
• C) only "culturally relevant" verbal praise will help boost performance by African-American children.
• D) culturally specific feedback such as "Nice job,blood" alienates African-American youngsters and may damage test performance.

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Definitions:

Error

The difference between the observed value and the true value due to measurement or estimation inaccuracies.

Multiple Regression Analysis

A method in statistics that employs multiple predictor variables to estimate the result of a dependent variable.

SSE

Sum of Squared Errors, a measure of the discrepancy between the data and an estimation model, indicating the total deviation of data points from the fitted values.

Estimated Income

An approximation of the amount of money expected to be earned over a specific period.