Which of the Following Is an Area of Controversy Concerning

question 72

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is an area of controversy concerning the Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL) ?

• A) The validity of the TOEFL for students who take their primary courses in languages other than English.
• B) There are large discrepancies when the results of two TOEFL testing sessions are compared.
• C) The ability of the TOEFL to predict university performance is questionable.
• D) The extent to which the TOEFL scores are fair in regard to women and minorities has been questioned.

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Definitions:

Self-control

The ability to regulate one's emotions, thoughts, and behaviors in the face of temptations and impulses.

Temper Tantrums

Emotional outbursts, usually seen in children, characterized by yelling, crying, or physical manifestations of anger and frustration.

Cognitive Development

The process of growth and change in intellectual capabilities such as thinking, reasoning, and understanding.

Psychosocial Development

A concept in psychology that entails the growth and development of an individual's social and psychological aspects throughout their life.