As Discussed in the Chapter Opening Case, Which of the Four

question 59

Multiple Choice

As discussed in the chapter opening case, which of the four generic strategies did Sears employ to combat the competition offered by Target, Walmart, and Macy's?

• A) low-cost leadership
• B) focus on market niche
• C) customer and supplier intimacy
• D) product differentiation

Grasp the impact of cultural differences on psychological processes, including cognitive dissonance and social identification.

Understand the concepts of the ultimate attribution error and fundamental attribution errors in social psychology.

Recognize the role of cross-cultural psychology in comparing psychological phenomena across cultures.

Appreciate the underemphasis of culture in social psychology and the reasons behind it.

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Definitions:

Milgram Experiment

A psychological experiment conducted by Stanley Milgram in the 1960s to study obedience to authority, where participants were instructed to administer electric shocks to another person.

Stanford University Prison Experiment

A psychological study conducted by Philip Zimbardo in 1971 at Stanford University, where students were assigned roles of prisoners and guards to explore the effects of perceived power.

Generalization

Drawing a conclusion about a certain characteristic of a population based on a sample from it.

Logical Support

The provision of reasons or evidence to justify a claim or argument.