What Is an Upward Counterfactual

question 16

Multiple Choice

What is an upward counterfactual?

• A) the event that actually happened
• B) an imagined alternative to what actually happened
• C) an imagined alternative that is better than what actually happened
• D) an imagined alternative that is worse than what actually happened

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Definitions:

Electroencephalograph

A device used to record the electrical activity of the brain, often used in the diagnosis and monitoring of neurological conditions.

Brain Waves

Patterns of electrical activity in the brain, measurable by EEG, that reflect different states of consciousness or mental activities.

Alpha Waves

Rapid low-amplitude brain waves that have been linked to feelings of relaxation.

Psychoanalysis

A therapeutic approach that focuses on exploring unconscious conflicts and motivations to treat psychological disorders.