The Threat to Validity That Occurs as a Result of a Natural

question 6

Multiple Choice

The threat to validity that occurs as a result of a natural development that occurs between pre- and post- measurement is called a(n) ____ threat.

• A)history
• B)maturation
• C)instrumentation
• D)testing

Understand the concepts of identity, role confusion, and the development of personal values during adolescence.

Grasp the significance of social and moral intuition in guiding moral judgments and actions.

Recognize the influence of social context and cultural background on moral development and reasoning.

Understand the implications of early or late physical maturation on social adjustment and self-perception.

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Definitions:

Shaping

A method of operant conditioning by which successive approximations towards a desired behavior are reinforced.

Operant Conditioning

A learning technique that uses incentives and penalties to influence behavior, thereby affecting the probability of its recurrence.

Secondary Reinforcement

A process where a stimulus reinforces a behavior after it has been associated with a primary reinforcer.

Shaping

A method of teaching new behaviors by rewarding closer and closer approximations of the desired behavior.