If a Type of Restraint Is Characterized as Per Se

question 27

Multiple Choice

If a type of restraint is characterized as per se illegal:

• A) the plaintiff need only show that the type of restraint occurred.
• B) the defendants may defend on the basis that the restraint was reasonable.
• C) the court is required to conduct extensive economic analysis into the type of harm caused or the business excuse for use of the restraint.
• D) the plaintiff must prove that the restraint limited competition.

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Definitions:

Consumer Surplus

The variance in the sum total consumers are enthusiastic and financially able to spend on a good or service versus what they end up paying.

Cost of Production

The complete cost involved in producing a product or offering a service, which encompasses the price of raw materials, workforce expenses, and overhead charges.

Producer Surplus

The difference between the amount producers are willing to accept for a good or service and the amount they actually receive.

Market Price

The amount of money for which a good or service is offered, sold, or bought in the market.