In the Supreme Court's View,the "Necessary and Proper" Clause

question 32

Multiple Choice

In the Supreme Court's view,the "Necessary and Proper" Clause:

• A) authorizes Congress to legislate only in areas mentioned in the list of enumerated powers.
• B) enables Congress to legislate in areas not mentioned in the list of enumerated powers as long as such legislation reasonably relates to some enumerated power.
• C) extends "state action" to action taken by private citizens whenever such interpretation is necessary to protect a fundamental right.
• D) restricts state regulations that obstruct interstate commerce.

Understand the fundamental concepts and historical roots of different schools of psychology.

Recognize the methodological approaches used by various psychological perspectives.

Understand the role of the environment and evolution in shaping behavior according to different psychological theories.

Comprehend the differences and similarities between structuralism, functionalism, behaviorism, and psychodynamic perspectives.

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Definitions:

Learning

The process of acquiring new understanding, knowledge, behaviors, skills, values, or preferences, often resulting from study, instruction, or experience.

Classical Conditioning

A learning process that occurs when two stimuli are repeatedly paired: a response that is at first elicited by the second stimulus is eventually elicited by the first stimulus alone.

Operant Conditioning

A learning process through which the strength of a behavior is modified by reinforcement or punishment.

Desensitization

The diminished emotional responsiveness to a negative, aversive, or positive stimulus after repeated exposure to it.