Researchers Wish to Conduct an Experiment Investigating the Effects of Smoking

question 41

Multiple Choice

Researchers wish to conduct an experiment investigating the effects of smoking on math performance. They place an ad in the national paper and invite smokers of all ages to participate. Such a process allows

• A) each smoker to have an equal chance to participate in the study.
• B) the researchers to infer cause and effect.
• C) the researchers to generalize the results to the population.
• D) all of the above.

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Definitions:

Sensory Drive

The concept that the environment can shape sensory systems and communication signals, influencing the evolution of perception and behavior in organisms.

Sensory Exploitation

A theory explaining certain traits or behaviors evolve because they exploit the preexisting sensory biases of another organism.

Pseudopenis

A clitoris that is significantly enlarged to resemble a penis, found in certain species such as the spotted hyena.

Non-adaptive

Referring to traits or behaviors that do not provide a survival or reproductive advantage to an organism.