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Adam Smith is associated with
Test Statistic
A value calculated from sample data during a hypothesis test used to determine whether to reject the null hypothesis.
Sum Of Squares
The total squared deviation of each observation from the overall mean, used in statistics to measure variation within a dataset.
Independent Variables
Variables in an experimental or statistical model that are manipulated or categorized to determine their effect on dependent variables.
Observations
Data points or items recorded during an experiment or survey; these are the raw data collected from the experiment or observational study.
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