Fred Is Afraid of Spiders

question 207

Multiple Choice

Fred is afraid of spiders. He won't even watch a nature show on TV about them. When he sees a picture of a spider, he has a panic attack, but when he avoids looking at the image, his panic goes away. Fred's avoidance of spiders is being __________

• A) extinguished, because he feels anxious after doing so.
• B) recovered spontaneously, because he will never get better.
• C) positively reinforced, because he is rewarded by his anxiety going down.
• D) negatively reinforced, because he is rewarded by his anxiety going down.

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Definitions:

Elderly Individuals

are persons typically aged 65 years and older, often considered to be in the retirement phase of life.

Poverty Rates

The percentage of the population living below the poverty line, reflecting the proportion of individuals or families who cannot meet basic needs.

Poverty Threshold

The minimum level of income deemed adequate in a particular country for a person or family to afford basic needs, such as food, housing, and clothing.

Bottom 20 Percent

Refers to the lowest fifth of individuals or households in terms of income or wealth distribution in a given population.