Adverse Selection Is a Problem Associated with Equity and Debt

question 30

Multiple Choice

Adverse selection is a problem associated with equity and debt contracts arising from

• A)the lender's relative lack of information about the borrower's potential returns and risks of his investment activities.
• B)the lender's inability to legally require sufficient collateral to cover a 100% loss if the borrower defaults.
• C)the borrower's lack of incentive to seek a loan for highly risky investments.
• D)the lender's inability to restrict the borrower from changing his behavior once given a loan.

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Definitions:

Higher-Order Conditioning

A form of learning in which a stimulus is first made meaningful through classical conditioning. Then, another stimulus is paired with the first, causing the second stimulus to elicit the conditioned response even in the absence of the first.

Shaping

A method of positively reinforcing behaviors that are successively closer to the desired behavior.

Extinguish

In the context of psychology, to gradually reduce or eliminate a learned response by ceasing to reinforce the behavior.

Loudness

The perception of the intensity or volume of a sound, influenced by its amplitude and frequency, and measured in decibels.