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When There Are Two Goods (X and Y),the Consumer's Optimum

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Essay

When there are two goods (X and Y),the consumer's optimum is typically found by locating the basket where the marginal value of X in terms of Y equals PX/PY.Explain in words what this equality means,and describe two situations where the consumer's optimum is not characterized by this equation.


Definitions:

Current Account

A component of a country's balance of payments that measures the trade in goods and services, plus net earnings on investments, and direct transfers.

Capital Account

Part of a country's balance of payments, recording the net change in asset ownership and investments.

Foreign Exchange Markets

Global decentralized or over-the-counter markets for trading currencies, determining the foreign exchange rates.

High Rates of Inflation

A situation where the rate at which the general level of prices for goods and services is rising, and, subsequently, purchasing power is falling, is significantly above the normal rate.

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