Therapists' Perceptions of the Effectiveness of Psychotherapy Are Likely to Be

question 118

Multiple Choice

Therapists' perceptions of the effectiveness of psychotherapy are likely to be misleading because

• A) therapists typically minimize the seriousness of their clients' symptoms when therapy begins.
• B) clients typically emphasize their problems at the start of therapy and their well-being at the end of therapy.
• C) clients tend to focus on their observable behavioral problems rather than on their mental and emotional abilities.
• D) therapists typically overestimate their clients' potential levels of adjustment.

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Definitions:

Unconditioned Stimulus

In classical conditioning, it is any stimulus that naturally triggers a reflexive response without the need for prior learning.

Conditioned Stimulus

A previously neutral stimulus that, after being paired with an unconditioned stimulus, elicits a conditioned response by association.

Reinforcer

A stimulus delivered after a response that makes the response more likely in the future.

Classical Conditioning

A learning process that creates associations between a naturally occurring stimulus and a previously neutral stimulus.