In Addition to Random Assignment, What Other Component Is Necessary

question 3

Multiple Choice

In addition to random assignment, what other component is necessary for a study to be considered an experiment?

• A) The presence of dependent variables
• B) Manipulation of an independent variable
• C) Random selection of participants
• D) Cause-and-effect relationships

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Definitions:

Confidence Level

A measure indicating the probability that a given range includes the true value of an estimated parameter.

Confidence Interval

A confidence interval is a range of values, derived from sample statistics, that is likely to contain the value of an unknown population parameter, with a specified level of confidence.

Alpha (α)

In investing, alpha represents the excess returns of a portfolio relative to the return of a benchmark index. In statistics, it often denotes the level of significance in hypothesis testing.

Confidence Level

It describes the degree of certainty associated with a statistical estimate or range, typically expressed as a percentage, indicating how likely it is that the true value lies within a specified interval.