Jordan and Colleagues (2003, 2005) Have Found That Individuals Have

question 141

Multiple Choice

Jordan and colleagues (2003, 2005) have found that individuals have two forms of self-esteem: explicit and implicit. When individuals show a high explicit self-esteem but negative implicit views of themselves, they are said to have ___________ self-esteem. On the other hand, high explicit self-esteem and positive implicit views are associated with _________ self-esteem.

• A) fragile; secure
• B) self-defeating; self-inflating
• C) incongruent; congruent
• D) unrealistic; realistic

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Definitions:

Intellectual Advancement

The process of gaining new knowledge, skills, and understanding, leading to increased intellectual capacity and achievements.

Cross-Sectional Study

An observational study method that examines information from a given population or a representative sample at a distinct moment in time.

Ice Cream Preferences

Individuals' choices and tastes regarding different flavors and types of ice cream.

Cross-Sectional Research

A research method that compares different population groups at a single point in time.