Dr Kellogg Is Gathering Data on Inmates at the State

question 9

Multiple Choice

Dr. Kellogg is gathering data on inmates at the state penitentiary and has qualified over 90 percent of her sample as being in poverty prior to their arrest and conviction. She has quickly concluded that "poverty causes crime." Another research assistant using the same sample has noted that at least 80 percent of the sample had a serious drug or alcohol problem. Based on Dr. Kellogg's conclusion that "poverty causes crime," what role does drug and alcohol use play in the proposition?

• A) It has no role at all because it suggests a totally different proposition.
• B) Drug and alcohol use can be classified as an intervening variable.
• C) Drug and alcohol use now becomes the dependent variable.
• D) Drug and alcohol use now becomes the independent variable.

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Definitions:

Grapevine

An informal communication network within an organization or group, often characterized by rumor, gossip, or unofficial information.

Formal Organization

An organized structure of roles and procedures designed to achieve specific goals, typically characterized by a clear hierarchy and regulations.

Emblem

A symbolic object or design that represents a concept, group, or entity.

Illustrator

A professional or artist who creates visual representations to accompany, explain, or decorate written text or ideas.